The paleoclimatic significance indicated by the Early Paleogene gray-black mudstone layers lies in Nanxiong Basin

HUANG Huixin; MA Mingming; WANG Mengdi; LIU Xiuming

doi:10.11928/j.issn.1001-7410.2024.05.13

2024 Vol. 44, No. 5

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Article navigation > Quaternary Sciences > 2024 > 44(5): 1250-1261

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HUANG Huixin, MA Mingming, WANG Mengdi, LIU Xiuming. The paleoclimatic significance indicated by the Early Paleogene gray-black mudstone layers lies in Nanxiong Basin[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 2024, 44(5): 1250-1261. doi: 10.11928/j.issn.1001-7410.2024.05.13

Citation:

HUANG Huixin, MA Mingming, WANG Mengdi, LIU Xiuming. The paleoclimatic significance indicated by the Early Paleogene gray-black mudstone layers lies in Nanxiong Basin[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 2024, 44(5): 1250-1261. doi: 10.11928/j.issn.1001-7410.2024.05.13

The paleoclimatic significance indicated by the Early Paleogene gray-black mudstone layers lies in Nanxiong Basin

1.
Key Laboratory of Humid Sub-tropical Eco-geographical Process of Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, Fujian
2.
Key Laboratory for Subtropical Resources and Environment, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, Fujian
3.
Department of Environment and Geography, Macquarie University, Sydney NSW 2109, Australia
Fund Project:
国家自然科学基金项目(批准号: 42277440和42130507)资助

More Information

Corresponding author: MA Mingming, E-mail: mamingming159@163.com

Received Date: 12 November 2023

Revised Date: 28 February 2024

Publish Date: 30 September 2024

Abstract

Abstract

During the Early Paleogene, a typical greenhouse climate period in the Cenozoic era, a series of rapid and transient warming events known as "hyperthermals" took place. During these hyperthermals, there was a significant negative carbon isotope excursion(CIE) accompanied by a shoaling of the carbonate compensation depth(CCD), an increase in atmospheric CO₂ levels, leading to environmental changes and ecological effects. Currently, most global hyperthermal records are concentrated in marine sediments, while terrestrial records are relatively scarce. The Nanxiong Basin(25° 03'~ 25° 16' N, 114° 08'~ 114° 40' E), located in Southeastern China, has complete preservation of Early Paleogene terrestrial strata and is a hotspot for the study of paleoclimate reconstruction. This terrestrial stratum is dominated by red silty mudstone and muddy siltstone. In the Guchengcun Formation, there are several interbedded gray-black mudstone layers with varying thicknesses. These layers date back to the Late Paleocene and are distinct from red beds, indicating a unique depositional environment. In order to discuss the depositional environment of these gray-black mudstone layers, a-2.6 m stratum was chosen as a representative profile(named Maojiwan profile, MJW: 25° 16' 22″ N, 114° 30' 22″ E) in the Maojiwan Member of the Guchengcun Formation in the Nanxiong Basin. This stratum is characterized by significant lithological variations from the bottom to the top and contains gray-black, brown-yellow, and brown-red mudstones. In this study, we conducted multiproxy measurements including stable carbon isotopes, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy(DRS), total organic carbon(TOC), and chroma of the samples. Based on these proxies, we analyzed the paleoenvironment in which the gray-black layer formed and further discussed its potential connection with hyperthermals. The results show that: (1) The gray-black layer exhibits high b^* and TOC values, a low FDV₅₇₀/FDV₄₃₅ value, and the dominant magnetic mineral is goethite. The brown-red layer shows a high a^* and FDV₅₇₀/FDV₄₃₅ value. The dominant magnetic mineral is hematite with very low TOC values. The brown-yellow layer exhibits a high TOC value, with goethite being the dominant magnetic mineral. However, this value is lower than that of the gray-black layer but significantly higher than that of the brown-red layer. This indicates that the three mudstone layers experienced different sedimentary environments. From the bottom to the top, a cycle of semi-arid oxidized environment, humid oxidized environment, typical lake environment, humid oxidized environment, and semi-arid oxidized environment was recorded by the MJW profile.(2) The carbon isotope(δ¹³C_carb) result of the gray-black layer shows a significant negative deviation of more than 3 ‰ compared to the brown-yellow and brown-red layers. The significant negative excursion of δ¹³C_carb in the gray-black mudstone layer is consistent with the negative carbon isotope excursions recorded globally during hyperthermals. Combined with the published terrestrial paleoenvironmental changes during hyperthermals worldwide, we suggest that the grey-black mudstone layer in this study could correspond to a hyperthermal in the Early Paleogene.
- Nanxiong Basin /
- gray-black layer /
- paleoclimate /
- hyperthermal /
- carbon isotope excursion

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